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Malware Classification

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Summary

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Malware, or malicious software, is designed to harm or exploit any programmable device, service, or network. It can be classified based on its vector (method of execution and spread) or its payload (the action it performs).

Detailed explanation

PDF p.333
  • Vectors
    • Viruses and Worms
      • Viruses: Infect executable code and spread without user authorization.
      • Worms: Like viruses but can spread independently across networks.
    • Trojan
      • Concealed within legitimate-looking software.
      • Installs without user consent and operates secretly.
    • Potentially Unwanted Programs (PUPs) / Potentially Unwanted Applications (PUAs)
      • Installed alongside other software or bundled with new systems.
      • May not be malicious but can be unwanted or installed without clear consent.
      • Sometimes referred to as grayware or bloatware.
  • Payloads
    • Spyware: Collects user information without consent.
    • Rootkit: Provides unauthorized access to a computer.
    • Remote Access Trojan (RAT): Allows remote control of a system.
    • Ransomware: Encrypts data and demands payment for decryption.

Important terms

taken from the text above
Viruses
Infect executable code and spread without user authorization.
Worms
Like viruses but can spread independently across networks.
Spyware
Collects user information without consent.
Rootkit
Provides unauthorized access to a computer.
Remote Access Trojan (RAT)
Allows remote control of a system.
Ransomware
Encrypts data and demands payment for decryption.
PUPs Potentially Unwanted Programs PUAs Potentially Unwanted Applications RAT Remote Access Trojan

What I should remember

Key Points PDF p.333
  • Vectors
    • Viruses and Worms
      • Viruses: Infect and spread via executable code.
      • Worms: Spread independently across networks.
    • Trojan: Hidden in legitimate software, installs secretly.
    • PUPs/PUAs: Installed with other software, may not be malicious.
  • Payloads
    • Spyware: Collects data secretly.
    • Rootkit: Grants unauthorized access.
    • RAT: Enables remote control.
    • Ransomware: Encrypts data, demands ransom.